Hydraulic jack and method of making same



April 11, 1939- H. R. ROSENBERRY 2,153,845

HYDRAULIC JACK AND METHOD OF' :MAKING SAME April 11,- 1939 V H. R. ROSENBERRY 2,153,845

HYDRAULIC JACK AND'l METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed Maroh'4, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Eisma: R Raeanbwex Patented pr. '11, 1939 UNITED STATES .PATENT OFFICE Homer R.. Rosenberry, Euclid, Ohio Application March 4,

11 Claims.

This invention relates to hydraulic jacks', and to a process for ,making the same, and has for an object the production of a new an'd improved jack of this character through practice of a new 5 and improved process.

In the drawings accompanying this specification and forming a part of this application, I have shown, for purposes of illustration, certain embodiments which my invention may assume, and in these drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the invention, a part of the casing being broken away to better accommodate the view to the sheet,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of said invention,

Figur'e 3 is an end elevational view, partly in vertical section along the line 3 3 of Figure 1, and also disclosing the lower portion of the jack in vertical section,

Figure/4 is a horizontal sectional view, corresponding substantially to the line 4-4 of Figure 1,

Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view, partially disclosing the process of making the invention, while Figure 6 is a perspective view showing process features of the invention.

Referring first to Figures 1 through 4 of the drawings, the invention ,comprises a base plate I0, preferably oblong rectangular in plan, having its ends curved, as at II, to facilitate rocking of the plate under certain conditions, and having a, lateral extension I2 projecting centrally from one side edge thereof.

Aflixed to the upper surface of the plate I is a fitting I3, having an elongated base block I4, affixed to the plate Il), as by flash welding, in a position centrally intersecting the longitudinal center line thereof, preferably at right angles, and 40 extending laterally onto the extension I2 of the plate I8, as best shown in Figure 4, and also having a vertically extending, preferably cylindrical portion I; the fitting I3, including the base block I4, and the vertically extending por- 45 tion I5, preferably being in the form of an integral forging.

The inner end of the block I4 has formed therein a socket I6, counterbored as at I1, for the reception of a tube I8, the lower end of said 60 tube having a reduced portion I9 fitting into the counterbore I'I, and a shoulder 20 adapted to rest upon the top surface of the block I4, the

'reduced portion I8 and shoulder 20 being afxed in position, as by flash welding. Adjacent B5 to its upper end the tube I8 ls provided with an further 1936, Serial No. 67,109-

(CI. V29m-148) aperture 2|, opening laterally through the wall thereof, and the upper extremity of the tube has its edge rounded off as shown at 22, for a purpose presently to be explained.

Surrounding the tube I8 is a casing 23, the lower end of which is oblong-rectangular in cross-section, having its central longitudinal axis disposed to coincide with that of the plate I0, and the lower end of said casing is cut out along one side edge, as at 24, to accommodate the block I4. The lower margins 25 of the casing 23, are outwardly turned, and are secured to the upper surface of the plate I0, as by flash welding. The marginal edge along the cut-out 24 is also Welded to the upper and side surfaces of the block I4. The casing 23 from its marginal edges 25, tapers upwardly in oblong-rectangular crosssectional formation, and some distance from the top thereof merges into a. cylindrical section 26, surrounding, and spaced from, the wall of the tube I8, and adjacent the top thereof, the casing is still further reduced as at 2l, to provide a cylindrical section 28 of an inner diameter to snugly accommodate the upper end of the tube I8'. The cylindrical section 28 above the upper end of the Ltube I8 also snugly accommodates a ring or washer 29, the lower portion of which is square in cross-section and rests upon the upper end of the tube I8, and with the beveled upper end 22 of the tube I8 provides an annular groove 30, the lower wall of which is tapered for a purpose presently to appear. The upper surface of the ring` 29 is preferably beveled inwardly as at 3l and supports packing material 32, held in position by a nut 33, threaded into the threaded portion 34 of the cylindrical section 28.

AA ram 35 is slidably mounted in the tube I8, which now` may be called the ram cylinder I8, and the ram 35 preferablyl comprises an initially solid cylindrical formation, of a diameter as to snugly, slidably t the wall of the ram cylinder I8 substantially throughout its length, and thereby to be guided in its movements without the necessity for providing a pilot for the ram, or placing strains upon the packing, as occurs in jacks employing rams of less-diameter than the internal diameter of the ram cylinder.

The upper end of the ram 35 is bored out, as at 36, and threaded as at 31, for the reception of a threaded jack screw 38, the screw 38 having an enlarged head 39 at one end, and the opposite end of the screw 38 is reduced to a diameter small enough to clear the crests of the threads -3l, and the reduced portion is provided with an annular groove 4|) adapted for the reception of a split ring 4|, made of material to cause the ring to spring outwardly when released, the ring 4| being confined within the groove 40 during insertion of the jack screw 38, and springing outwardly after passing the threads, and thereby preventing detachment of the jack screw 38.

The lower end of the ram 35 is bored for the reception of a screw bolt 42, which carries a washer 43, adapted to rest against the head of the bolt, and between the washer 43 and the under surface of the ram 35, there is clamped a cup-shaped packing member 44'. Preferably just above the bottom thereof, the ram 35 is provided with an annular groove 45, adapted 'to accommodate a resilient ring 46, which springs.outwardly, rides into the groove 38, when the ram is elevated, and engages the stop provided by the under surface of the washer 29, to thereby limit upward movement of the ram, the inclined surfaces 22 operating to cam the ring 46 back into the groove 45 when the ram is lowered.

'I'he fluid for operating the jack is normally housed within a reservoir 41 formed between the tube I 8 and casing 23, and passage of the iiuid from the reservoir 41 to beneath the ram 35 isV controlled by a valve arrangement housed in the block I4. This valve arrangement comprises a bore 48 drilled from the outer end of the block I4 horizontally inward, to conununicate with the socket |6 beneath the ram 35, the outer end of the bore being closed by a threaded plug 49. A second bore 50 spaced from, and generally paral` lel to, the bore 48, is made in the block I4, and at its inner end has a duct 5I communicating with the reservoir 41. Substantially midway of the length of the bore 5|), by a reduction in the diameter oi' the bore, there is provided a Valve seat for the accommodation of a ball valve 52, a coiled spring being interposed between the ball valve 52 and a threaded plug 53 which closes the outer end of the bore 58. A third bore 54 extends inwardly from one side of the block I4, transversely thereof, intersects the bore 48, is provided with a valve .seat 55 accommodating av ball valve 56, and thence communicates with `the bore 50, being closed at its outer end by a plug 35.

Communicating with the transverse bore 54 is a duct 51, communicating with a. pump cylinder 58, in which is mounted a piston 53. The piston 59 extends upwardly through a cap 68, which is threaded upon a reduced threaded portion v6| of the vertically extending portion I5, packing 62 being clamped between the cap 58 and portion I5, and surrounding the piston 58. 'I'he upper end of the piston 55 4is pivotally connected to an operating lever 63, as at 54, one end of said lever being curved and pivotally connected to a link 65, which in turn is pivotally connected, as at 55, betweenears 61 on the portion I5, while theV opposite end of the lever provides a hollow handie portion 68 into which a handle extension may be inserted.

Means for returning the fluid from the ramI cylinder to the reservoir, comprise a needle valve '18, the pointed end of which controls passage .of the nuid through a duct 1I, communicating ,with the socket I6. the Ivalve 10 being threaded into a sleeve 12, which is threaded into thewall of the casing, and into a cup-shaped part 13 Positioned at the innersurface of the wall of the casing,` packing ,14 surrounding an adjacent portion of the needle valve 18, 'arranged within cup-shaped part 13 an'd clamped in position by the inner end of the sleeve 12, which bears upon a washer 15, the washer 15 in turn bearing upon the packing 14. A filling opening is formed in the wall of the casing and normally closed by a threaded plug 16.

In operation, assuming the ram 35 to befin its lowermost position, and the needle valve 10 closed, upward movement of the pump piston 59, through manipulation of the lever 63, sucks fluid .from the reservoir", past the ball valve 52,

which yields to permit this action, and upon a downward stroke of the piston 59, the fluid so withdrawn is forced past the valve 56, thence through the bore 48 into the socket I6 and beneath the ram 35, subsequent reciprocation of the pump piston 59 serving to elevate the ram 35 as will be readily understood. The ram 35 is guided in its movement through its snug sliding fit with the ram cylinder I8, and accordingly there is no tendency of the ram to Wabble. Upward movement of the ram 35 is positively arrested through the action of the resilient ring 46 which enters the groove 38 arid engages the washer 29, and once this positionis reached, the aperture 2| is uncovered and excess fluid is returned therethrough to the reservoir 4l. Manipulation of the needle valve 'I0 to open the duct 1I allows the fluid beneath the ram 35 to enter the reservoir 41 and thereby permits the ram 35 to be lowered.

Referring now to Figures 5 and 6, a process is disclosed for producing a jack of the character already described in a. highly economical and eflicient manner. One of the principal drawbacks to more extensive sale and use of hydraulic jacks for automobiles is the expense in producing them, and the consequent relatively high cost thereof. Through practice of my process now to be disclosed, the cost of producing hydraulic jacks of excellent quality, has been greatly reduced. y

InV carrying out my process I employ a metal plate 88, such as the plate I6 heretofore described in detail, and by forging and boring operations separately form a fitting 8| also identical to the fitting I3 heretofore described inA detail, except that the bores 48, 50, and 54 may be formed later, if desired, and I then attach an electrode to the plate and a second electrode to the fitting 8| and cause the fitting 8| to be contacted with the platev 80 so as to occupyV the position lshown in dotted lines in Figure 5, on the plate 88, and upon such contact the plate 88 and fittingv 8| are flash welded together.

I then employ a vtube 82 which may be cheaply obtained as a standard article in the open mar- `ket, even to the taper indicated at 83. To prepare the tube 82 for use in my process I perform only a simple machining operation to form the shouldered reduced end 84. After preparing the tube 82 in this manner, I attach an electrode to the tube 82 and another electrode to the fitresulting in the production of an end section 89 of reduced diameter as compared to the original diameter of the tube as exemplified in the untouched section 90 of the tube 86. -Ivalso preferably draw out a boss 9|, surrounding a lling opening 92, andfurther form an aperture through the wall of the section 81, and then cover this opening at the inner surface of the casing wall with a short cylindrical section 93, which I weld in position. The section 81 is then cut out at one side, in the manner indicated at 94.

Following preparation of the tube 86 as described, I then take the formed tube 86 and slip it over the tube 82, after which I attach electrodes to the lower end of the tube 86, andto the plate 80, and iiash weld the two together, the margins of the cut-out 94 being welded to the top and side surfaces of the fitting 8l.

The ram carrying its associated part already described, then has the washer 29, packing 32, and nut 33 placed thereon, and as a complete assembly is inserted into the ram cylinder tube I8/82, and when the nut 33 is screwed home, the ram and ram cylinder are permanently assembled and ready for operation.

With the steps of the process described entirely completed, only a few simple things remain to be done; the section 93 is drilled and threaded, and the boss 9i threaded for the reception of the plug 16, the previously prepared needle valve 'I0 applied, and the pump parts assembled by inserting the piston 59 -in the cylinder 58, and screwing home the cap 60, all as already described.

Considerable variation of course may occur in the order ofassembling the auxiliary parts, the features relating to fabricating the plate 80, fitting 8|, tube 82; the formation of the tube 86, the manner of assembly, and the preparation and assembly of the ram 35, being of importance in the formation of an exceptionally cheap hydraulic ram construction of great durability and excellent operation.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that I have accomplished at least the principal objects of my invention, and itV also will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments herein described may be variously changed and modified, without departing from the spirit of the invention, and'that the invention is capable of uses andA has advantages not herein speciiically described; hence it will be appreciated that the herein disclosed embodiments are illustrative only, and that my invention is not limited thereto.

I claim:

l. A process for fabricating the permanent .structure of a hydraulic jack, comprising: preforming a unitary member having a socket, and ducts communicating with said'socket, and extending to the exteriorof said member, and positioning said member on a base; amxing one end of a rani cylinder in the socket of said member; encircling said ram cylinder at a distance from said ram cylinder with a casing to be secured to said base to form a reservoir communicating' ly welding said ram cylinder to said unitaryy member. l 2. A hydraulic jack, comprising: a ram cylinder and a casing surrounding said ram cylinder vate said ram;said cylinder, said casing, and

said valve-containing means vbeing secured in position by welded connections.

ing a iiaring bottom welded to said base, and a' contracted top supporting the upper end of said ram cylinder, said ducts furnishing communication between said socketand the interior of said ram cylinder and the reservoir space between said casing and said ram cylinder; and means controlling admission and withdrawal of fluid from said ram cylinder and reservoir.

4. A hydraulic jack, comprising: a base; a block having a socket, and ducts communicating with said socket and extending through said block and opening exteriorly` thereof, said block being secured to said base with said socket uppermost; a ram cylinder seated in said socket and Secured therein; a casing surrounding said ram cylinder and spaced therefrom, said casing having a flaring bottom secured to said base, and a contracted top supporting the upper end of said ram cylinder, said ducts furnishing communication between said socket and the interior of said ram cylinder and the reservoir space between said casing and said ram cylinder; and means controlling admission and withdrawal of fluid from said ram cylinder and reservoir.

5. A hydraulic jack, comprising: a base; a ram voir and applies said iiuid beneath said ram, to

elevate said ram.

6. A hydraulic.jack,'comprising: a base; a ram receiving member; a casing, secured to said base, and surrounding said member, andv cooperating with said member and said base to form a fluid reservoir; a ram in said member; and a unitary tting, having pump means, and having also vvalve-controlled passage means carried entirely by said fitting, and so constructed and arranged that operative movement of said pump means withdraws iiuid from said reservoir and applies said fluid beneath said ram, to elevate said ram.

7. A hydraulic jack, comprising: a ram receiving member; a casing surrounding said member and cooperating therewith to form a fluid reservoir; a ram in said member; and a unitary tting, having a portion interiorly of said reservoir,

'and a portion exterlorly of said reservoir, said interior portion communicating with the interior of said ram receiving member, and said exterior portion having iiuid actuatingy means,said fitting having valve-controlled passage means so constructed and arranged that operative movement 'of said fluid actuating means withdraws iiuid from said reservoir and applies said fluid to the interior of said ram receiving member and beneath said ram, to elevate said ram.

8. A hydraulic jack, comprising: a base; a block, having an inwardly extending recess, said block being secured to said base vso that access maybe had to the interior of said recess; a tubular ram receiving member, having one end welded to the marginal surfaces of said recess; a. casing surrounding said ram receiving member, and cooperating therewith to form a fluid reservoir, said casing having one open endA welded in duid-tight relation to said base, and its other end supporting the other end of said ram receiving member; said block having passage means establishing communication between the interior of said ram receiving member and said reservoir; and meanscontrolling admission and withdrawal of iluid from said ram cylinder and said reservoir.

9. A process of fabricating a permanent foundation structure for a hydraulic jack, which comprises: preforming, as separate articles of manufacture, a base, a ram cylinder, a ram cylinder supporting member, and a casing; assembling said articles in step-by-step relation, in each step affixing electrodes 'to the articles assembled, and bringing the articles together in the relation these articles are to assume ywhen assembled, so as to ash-weld the contacting surfaces of thearticles being assembled. 10. A process for fabricating the permanent s ructure of a hydraulic jack, comprising: preforming a unitary metallic block having rst means adapted to communicate'with a pump, and second means adapted to communicate witha ram cylinder, and having duct means formed in said block, certain of which provide communi-- cation between said rst and second means; preforming a metallic base, and positioning said block on said base; pre-forming a ram cylinder and positioning said ram cylinder in communication with said second means; pre-forming a casing, and encircling said ram cylinder at a distance, with said casing, to deiine' a reservoir, communieating through said duct means with the interior of said ram cylinder; welding said block and said casing to said base; and welding said ram cylinder to said block.

terior of said ram cylinder, and welded to said' base; and means, including said pumping means, for controlling admission to, and withdrawal from, of fluid with respect to said cylinder and said reservoir.

HOMElEtv R. ROSENBERRY. 

